Sanskrit Alphabet

In Sanskrit language nouns and adjectives change their forms (words) for various cases. The structure of these form changes are different for different categories of words as well as genders. In the traditional way of learning Sanskrit, a book on nouns called Sabdamanjari is used and learners have to become conversant with a large number of nouns and their declensions.

Verb

Similarly verbs also have declensions or change of forms (words) for various tenses as well as various persons. Dhatu Manjari is used to make learners conversant with the various forms of verbs.

Each verb has forms for six tenses and four moods apart having different forms for singular number, dual number, and plural number and also for first person, second person and third person.

The six tenses in Sanskrit language are

1. Present

2. Imperfect past

3. Aorist (past)

4. Perfect tense

5. First future

6. Second future

Four moods

1. Conditional mood

2. Potential mood

3. Benedictive mood

4. Imperative mood

We shall try to take a nontraditional route to learn some basics of Sanskrit language in the lessons to follow.

(added on 19.12.2008)

Lesson 1

Masculine nouns in first case (Subjective case or subject of the verb) singular number

Ajah: goat

Asvah: horse

Balah: boy

Nripah: king

Putrah: son

Sevakah: servant

Varahah: pig or boar

Vanarah: monkey

Nouns of neuter gender in first case

Phalam; fruit

annam: food

vakyam: sentence

Jalam: water

Second case (objective case - object of verb) of nouns of neuter gender

Phalam: fruit

annam: food

vakyam: sentence

Jalam: water

Verb roots

(Pa) Pib: to drink

Khad: to eat

Pach: cook

Present tense form of verbs for third person - singular number

Pibati: is drinking or drinks

Khadati: is eating or eats

Pachati: is cooking or cooks

Some simple sentences in present tense using subject, verb in present tense and object (of neuter gender singular number)

Gajah phalam khadati : The element is eating a fruit.

Sevakah annam pachati: The cook is cooking the food.

Asvah jalam pibati; The horse is drinking water

22.12.2008

Second Case form of Masuline Gender - Singular number words ending in "ah" as in Ramah

First - Second

Case - Case

------- ------------

Ramah -- Ramam

Ajah: ajam

Asvah: asvam

Balah: balam

Nripah: nripam

Putrah: putram

Sevakah: sevakam

Varahah: varaham

Vanarah: vanaram

Sanskrit Lessons - Directory

http://nraoll.blogspot.in/2012/01/sanskrit-lessons-directory.html

http://knol.google.com/k/narayana-rao/sanskrit-lessons-directory-of-knols/4qzl2gme8ky4/38

A News Item

Jan.10, 2008: Washoe County of Nevada has proclaimed January 12 as Sanskrit Day.

A proclamation signed by Robert M. Larkin, Chairman of Washoe County Commission, under the Seal of Washoe County, says, ” PROCLAIMED, That Washoe County recognizes the importance of the Sanskrit language and January 12, 2008 as Sanskrit Day”.

It further says, “As Hinduism expands in the West, it is important that to understand Hinduism, one should have a working knowledge of Sanskrit.”

Famed German philologist Max Muller once said, “Sanskrit is the greatest language of the world.” In America, scholar William D. Whitney wrote the Sanskrit Grammar in 1879. Sanskrit is also known as “the language of the gods”.

http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/world-news/american-county-proclaims-january-12-as-sanskrit-day_10012307.html

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Sanskrit Self Learning Book (Hindi)
http://delhi.gov.in/DoIT/DoIT_Art/pdf/Swayameva_Sanskrit_Shikshanam.pdf

Sanskrit Learning Pages on web
http://sanskritdocuments.org/learning_tools/?ref=binfind.com/web

Updated 1 March 2017, 21 Feb 2016 (International Mother Language Day)
22 August 2013

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Sunday, February 26, 2017

Learning Sanskrit Through English - Online Book - Lessons and Videos

Sanskrit Alphabet

Sanskrit Words

Sanskrit Sentences

Sanskrit Stories

Sanskrit News Broadcasts

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Sanskrit Digital Dictionaries

Introduction: Parts of Speech

Nouns and Adjectives

Verb

Lesson 1

Masculine nouns in first case (Subjective case or subject of the verb) singular number

Nouns of neuter gender in first case

Second case (objective case - object of verb) of nouns of neuter gender

Verb roots

Present tense form of verbs for third person - singular number

Some simple sentences in present tense using subject, verb in present tense and object (of neuter gender singular number)

Sanskrit Lessons - Directory

3 comments: